![]() The broad trends affecting the needs and expectations of the programs’ beneficiaries are then reviewed. A more detailed description of the programs is provided in the following section. Table 2-1 provides a capsule summary of the six government health care programs. Thus, patients and clinicians would surely benefit from greater consistency in quality enhancement requirements, measures, and processes across public and private insurance programs. In addition, many Americans eligible for these programs have private supplemental insurance as well. ![]() Nearly 45 percent of veterans are 65 years and older and also qualify for Medicare (Van Diepen, 2001b). Native Americans eligible to receive services through IHS may also qualify for Medicaid if they satisfy income and other eligibility requirements, and those aged 65 and older may qualify for Medicare. These “dual eligibles” account for a total of 28 percent of Medicare expenditures and 35 percent of Medicaid expenditures. Low-income Medicare beneficiaries who qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid account for 17 percent of the Medicare population and 19 percent of the Medicaid population (Gluck and Hanson, 2001 Health Care Financing Administration, 2000). Many millions of Americans receive services through multiple government programs simultaneously. ![]() ![]() The remaining three programs-DOD TRICARE, VHA, and IHS-serve particular populations with whom the federal government has a special relationship, respectively, military personnel and their dependents, veterans, and Native Americans. Three of these programs-Medicare, Medicaid, and the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)-were devised for groups for whom the health care market has historically failed to work because of their high health care needs and low socioeconomic status. The six major government health care programs serve older persons, persons with disabilities, low-income mothers and children, veterans, active-duty military personnel and their dependents, and Native Americans. ![]()
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